【实验名称】调整路由的AD值 (注意：PT有可能不支持distance 99 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0这条命令，所以我们做实验的时候最好用小凡模拟器) 【实验目的】通过调整路由的管理距离值，实现路由的管理和控制 【实验背景】某企业的3台路由器（RA、RB、RC）运行了RIP路由协议，RA分别与RB、RC连接 【需求分析】通过配置RA的管理距离，使RA只能学到RB的通告路由，并忽略所有路由器的路由，且从RB学到路由的管理距离为99. 【实验拓扑】
【实验设备】路由器3台 【预备知识】路由器基本配置知识、IP路由知识、RIP 【实验原理】修改管理距离来过滤和控制路由 【实验步骤】 步骤1：在路由器上配置IP路由选择和IP地址 Router>enable Router#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#no ip domain lookup Router(config)#hostname RzA RzA(config)#int fa0/0 RzA(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 RzA(config-if)#no shut RzA(config-if)#exit RzA(config)#int fa0/1 RzA(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 RzA(config-if)#no shut RzA(config-if)#exit RzA(config)#int lo0 RzA(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 RzA(config-if)#no shut RzA(config-if)# Router>enable Router#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#no ip domain lookup Router(config)#hostname RzB RzB(config)#int fa0/0 RzB(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 RzB(config-if)#no shut RzB(config-if)#exit RzB(config)#int lo0 RzB(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 RzB(config-if)#no shut RzB(config-if)# Router>enable Router#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#no ip domain lookup Router(config)#hostname RzC RzC(config)#int fa0/0 RzC(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 RzC(config-if)#no shut RzC(config-if)#exit RzC(config)#int lo0 RzC(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 RzC(config-if)#no shut RzC(config-if)# 步骤2：配置RIP协议 RzA(config-if)#exit RzA(config)#router rip RzA(config-router)#version 2 RzA(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 RzA(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 RzA(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 RzA(config-router)#no auto-summary RzA(config-router)#end RzA#write Building configuration... [OK] RzA# RzB(config-if)#exit RzB(config)#router rip RzB(config-router)#version 2 RzB(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 RzB(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 RzB(config-router)#no auto-summary RzB(config-router)#end RzB#write Building configuration... [OK] RzB# RzC(config-if)#exit RzC(config)#router rip RzC(config-router)#version 2 RzC(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 RzC(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 RzC(config-router)#no auto-summary RzC(config-router)#end %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console RzC#write Building configuration... [OK] RzC# 步骤3：修改管理距离 RzA(config)#router rip RzA(config-router)#distance 255 RzA(config-router)#distance 99 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0 步骤4：验证测试 在路由器A上用命令show ip route 和show ip rip来验证配置 RzA#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 R 192.168.10.0/24 [99/1] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:14, FastEthernet0/0 R 192.168.20.0/24 [99/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:13, FastEthernet0/1 RzA# RzA#ping 192.168.20.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.20.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 ms RzA# RzB#ping 10.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 15/28/32 ms RzB# RzC>ping 192.168.10.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.10.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 ms RzC> 参考配置： RzA#show running-config Building configuration... Current configuration : 664 bytes ! version 12.4 no service timestamps log datetime msec no service timestamps debug datetime msec no service password-encryption http://www.luyouqiwang.com/14819 hostname RzA ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! no ip domain-lookup ! ! ! ! ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! router rip version 2 network 10.0.0.0 network 192.168.1.0 network 192.168.2.0 distance 255 distance 99 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0 no auto-summary ! ip classless ! ! ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! ! end RzA# RzB#show running-config Building configuration... Current configuration : 625 bytes ! version 12.4 no service timestamps log datetime msec no service timestamps debug datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname RzB ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! no ip domain-lookup ! ! ! ! ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! router rip version 2 network 192.168.1.0 network 192.168.10.0 no auto-summary ! ip classless ! ! ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! ! end RzB# RzC#show running-config Building configuration... Current configuration : 625 bytes ! version 12.4 no service timestamps log datetime msec no service timestamps debug datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname RzC ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! no ip domain-lookup ! ! ! ! ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! router rip version 2 network 192.168.2.0 network 192.168.20.0 no auto-summary ! ip classless ! ! ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! ! end RzC#
【实验总结】 通过本节课的学习，通过调整路由的管理距离，实现路由的过滤和控制。 |
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